Why Didn't We Go Extinct 10 Million Years Ago?

Take a look at Manta Sleep here: https://tinyurl.com/4hy64evw and make sure to use the code HOH for 10% off your order. -------------- Written by Carys Phillips https://www.linkedin.com/in/carys-phillips-8122bb260?utm_source=share&utm_campaign=share_via&utm_content=profile&utm_medium=android_app Art by Ettore Mazza https://www.instagram.com/ettore.mazza/?hl=en Editing by Andrew Dixon Title editing by Manuel Rubio Fact checking by Amanda Rossillo Huge thanks to Bone Clones for their fantastic skull replicas. Check them out at https://boneclones.com/ Music from Silver Maple, Epidemic Sound and Artlist. Stock footage from Storyblocks, Artgrid and Shutterstock. 00:00 Introduction 06:00 Nothing Lasts Forever 14:09 Rise of The Planet of the Apes 26:23 Fall of The Planet of the Apes 40:18 Last Ape Standing Bibliography https://www.britannica.com/animal/Gigantopithecus https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/160106-science-evolution-apes-giant https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/planet-of-the-apes-2006-06/ Pugh, K.D., 2022. Phylogenetic analysis of Middle-Late Miocene apes. Journal of Human Evolution, 165, p.103140. https://nanoporetech.com/applications/dna-nanopore-sequencing 7 DeMiguel, D., Domingo, L., Sánchez, I.M., Casanovas-Vilar, I., Robles, J.M. and Alba, D.M., 2021. Palaeoecological differences underlie rare co-occurrence of Miocene European primates. BMC biology, 19(1), pp.1-15. DeMiguel, D., Alba, D.M. and Moyà-Solà, S., 2014. Dietary specialization during the evolution of Western Eurasian hominoids and the extinction of European great apes. PloS one, 9(5), p.e97442. Sevim-Erol, A., Begun, D.R., Yavuz, A., Tarhan, E., Sözer, Ç.S., Mayda, S., van den Hoek Ostende, L.W., Martin, R.M. and Alçiçek, M.C., 2023. A new ape from Türkiye and the radiation of late Miocene hominines. Communications Biology, 6(1), p.842. https://humanorigins.si.edu/evidence/human-fossils/species/australopithecus-afarensis von Koenigswald, G.H.R., 1952. Gigantopithecus blacki von Koenigswald, a giant fossil hominoid from the Pleistocene of Southern China. American Museum of Natural History. Gilbert, C et al. 2020. New Middle Miocene Ape (Primates: Hylobatidae) from Ramnagar, India fills major gaps in the hominoid fossil record. Proc. R. Soc. B.2872020165520201655 Richard E. Green et al. 2020. A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome. Science 328,710-722.DOI:10.1126/science.1188021 Noonan, J.P., 2010. Neanderthal genomics and the evolution of modern humans. Genome Research, 20(5), pp.547-553. Warren, M., 2018. Mum's a Neanderthal, Dad's a Denisovan: First discovery of an ancient-human hybrid. Nature, 560(7719), pp.417-419. Methner, K., Campani, M., Fiebig, J. et al. Middle Miocene long-term continental temperature change in and out of pace with marine climate records. Sci Rep 10, 7989 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-64743-5 Frigola, A., Prange, M., and Schulz, M.: Boundary conditions for the Middle Miocene Climate Transition (MMCT v1.0), Geosci. Model Dev., 11, 1607–1626, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-11-1607-2018, 2018. Goto, K.T., Tejada, M.L.G., Tajika, E. et al. Enhanced magmatism played a dominant role in triggering the Miocene Climatic Optimum. Commun Earth Environ 4, 21 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00684-x https://www.britannica.com/science/Oligocene-Epoch Kjær, K.H., Winther Pedersen, M., De Sanctis, B. et al. A 2-million-year-old ecosystem in Greenland uncovered by environmental DNA. Nature 612, 283–291 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05453-y Zhang, Y., Westaway, K.E., Haberle, S., Lubeek, J.K., Bailey, M., Ciochon, R., Morley, M.W., Roberts, P., Zhao, J.-X., Duval, M., Dosseto, A., Pan, Y., Rule, S., Liao, W., Gully, G.A., Lucas, M., Mo, J., Yang, L., Cai, Y., Wang, W., Joannes-Boyau, R., 2024. The demise of the giant ape Gigantopithecus blacki. Nature 625, 535–539. N. Spassov, D. Geraads, L. Hristova, G.N. Markov, G. Merceron, T. Tzankov, K. Stoyanov, M. Böhme, A. Dimitrova. A hominid tooth from Bulgaria: The last pre-human hominid of continental Europe. Journal of Human Evolution, 2012; 62 (1): 138 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2011.10.008 https://apnews.com/article/neanderthals-denisovans-genetics-dna-disease-e49cb7d939cfe5d583e7ed0af8751784 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Extinction_intensity.svg https://www.theguardian.com/science/2023/nov/18/where-did-other-human-species-go-vanished-ancestors-homo-sapiens-neanderthals-denisovans https://www.livescience.com/how-many-human-species.html https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201015111729.htm