What Do Vitamins Actually Do? (Vitamin Lore)

Thanks to Bespoke Post for sponsoring this video! New subscribers get 20% off their first box of awesome — go to https://bespokepost.com/thatchemist20 and enter code THATCHEMIST20 at checkout. This is the Vitamin Tierlist - vitamins play many important roles in our bodies and the biochemistry that vitamins do is pretty neat! Support the Channel on Patreon - https://www.patreon.com/thatchemist Join the Community Discord! - https://discord.gg/thatchemist 0:00 Intro 2:45 sponsor 4:43 A 11:34 B1 17:24 B2 19:56 B3 22:45 B5 24:30 B6 27:09 B7 28:24 B9 30:29 B12 31:47 C 35:48 D 38:09 E 41:38 K *Team* Writer/Producer - That Chemist (Joey) Editor/Animator - ReformLabs Research/Production Assistant - Exergonick Technical Lead - Polygorg (Georg) 3D Systems Engineer - Robot Chicken *Acknowledgements* This video was made possible with help from several members of the TC Discord Community, especially Gocker (protein modelling expertise) & Ballerene (biochemistry expertise). Also @ExplosionsAndFire ! _________ *References* Neurotoxin Tierlist https://youtu.be/6fuCYXU4McQ Medicosis (corn tortillas) https://youtu.be/lPaU1ToTKz4?t=592 Vitamin B12 part 1 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YvEB05xdAy4 Vitamin B12 part 2 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVi_awjWaP4 @MedicosisPerfectionalis https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLYcLrRDaR8_dKo6Nu1Dw1efJGkDpuZGEy General nutrient information https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554545/ First vitamins https://doi.org/10.4066/AMJ.2013.1588. Essential Nutrient an overview https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/essential-nutrient Early vitamin paper https://doi.org/10.1246/NIKKASHI1880.32.4. Fat Soluble Vitamins https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534869/ Water Soluble Vitamins https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538510/ Vitamin K https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminK-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin A and Carotenoids https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin A and retinoid signaling https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3679380/ Consequences of Vitamin A Deficiency https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS21155570 Vitamin A Toxicity https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532916/ The Golden Rice Project https://www.goldenrice.org/ Thiamine https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Thiamin-HealthProfessional/ Dry Beriberi in a Man https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-4-409 Beriberi. https://doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(95)90115-9 Relevance of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jo300745e Thiamine Pyrophosphate an overview https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/thiamine-pyrophosphate Riboflavin https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Riboflavin-HealthProfessional/ Niacin https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Niacin-HealthProfessional/ Nixtamalization https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/nixtamalization Nicotinic Acid Deficiency an overview https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/nicotinic-acid-deficiency Pantothenic Acid https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/PantothenicAcid-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin B6 https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB6-HealthProfessional/ Biotin https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Biotin-HealthProfessional/ Folate https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Folate-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin B12 https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminB12-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin C https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin D https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminD-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin E https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Vitamine-HealthProfessional/ Vitamin K https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/vitamink-healthprofessional/ Vitamin digestion and absorption - https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map04977 Biosynthesis of cofactors - https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map0124 Pathway information: Vitamin A Retinol https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00830 Vitamin B1 Thiamine https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00730 Vitamin B2 Riboflavin https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00740 Vitamin B3 Niacin https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00760+C00153 Vitamin B5 Pantothenic Acid Beta alanine metabolism https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00410 CoA synthesis https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00770 Vitamin B6 Pyridoxine https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00750 Vitamin B7 Biotin https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00780 Vitamin B9 Folate/folic acid https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00790 Vitamin B12 Cobalamin https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00860+M00122 Vitamin C Ascorbic acid https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map0005 Glutathione https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00480 Vitamin D steroid biosynthesis https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map0010 Vitamin E Tocopherol https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00130+M00112 https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map01110+M00112 Vitamin K Phytonadione https://www.kegg.jp/pathway/map00130+M00932 Relevant human Proteins found in RCSB PDB RCSB.org 10.1093/nar/28.1.235 And predicted proteins found at https://www.uniprot.org/