How to treat dark spots and hyperpigmentation

How do you fade hyperpigmentation, like dark spots, melasma, post-acne marks or age spots? Here's what you need to know. 🤓📖 PRE-ORDER MY BOOK: The Science of Beauty https://geni.us/TheScienceOfBeauty Subscribe for videos every fortnight: http://bit.ly/labmuffinyt 0:00 How does pigment form? 2:07 Step 1: Prevent melanocyte stimulation 5:27 Step 2: Reduce melanin production 7:27 Common active ingredients 10:04 Pigment treatment mistakes 13:25 Step 3: Reduce melanosome transfer 14:05 Step 4: Increase skin turnover 14:55 Clinical treatments 16:20 Oral treatments, tranexamic acid Powered By Chemicals Mugs: https://labmuffin.com/shop/ 🙋🏻 I'm Michelle, a chemistry PhD, cosmetic chemist and science educator, here to explain how beauty products work, debunk myths, and help you make smarter decisions about your skincare, hair and makeup! Blog https://labmuffin.com Instagram https://instagram.com/labmuffinbeautyscience TikTok https://www.tiktok.com/@labmuffinbeautyscience ✨ Want smooth, glowing skin? Grab a copy of my FREE Essential Guide to Exfoliation! https://labmuffin.com/exfol References: https://geni.us/TheScienceOfBeauty Baumann's Cosmetic Dermatology https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.12986 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29552273/ https://doi.org/10.7573/dic.2021-11-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-019-00488-w https://doi.org/10.1111/pcmr.13038 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-021-00633-4 https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04834.x 📺 RELATED POSTS AND VIDEOS Free exfoliation guide https://labmuffin.com/free-guide Every sunscreen question answered https://youtu.be/AyCNQhCVdqs Top sunscreen recommendations https://youtu.be/HzDvzcKumCo Do you need sunscreen indoors? https://youtu.be/BUIWZcwflx4 Blue Light From Screens and Skin https://youtu.be/ZnpdmXm5oxc Should you even use tretinoin? A scientific breakdown https://youtu.be/FdDbglHKh8w Is tretinoin better than adapalene? Every drug retinoid explained https://youtu.be/KbeopWc_xLE Ultimate Vitamin C Skincare Guide Part 1 https://youtu.be/U68MTXuOG9k How to choose UV protective clothing https://youtu.be/uk9uaBU025I Blue light update https://youtu.be/Rr4p6hC2ewc How to get started on retinoids https://youtu.be/I2XV3nMyb9Y Hats and umbrellas for sun protection https://youtu.be/0zSKevruJL0 🧴 SKINCARE GUIDE 🧴 Find out more: https://labmuffin.com/skin