When Valencia was hit by flash floods in October 2024, social media was awash with spurious claims that “HAARP” was to blame for the extreme weather.
For the people sharing these claims online, only a “weather weapon” could have been used to wreak such havoc across Spain – but they were wrong.
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This was not the first time that HAARP, an atmospheric research programme first developed by the US military in 1990s, was the target of conspiracy theories.
But claims like these keep gaining traction on social media – particularly when extreme weather events, like floods or hurricanes, make the headlines.
Why is that the case? And how dangerous could such claims be?
0:01 Intro
01:13 Silvia’s story
03:23 Why Silvia’s video went viral
05:51 Manipulating the weather
08:11 HAARP explained
09:55 Valencia’s floods and climate change
11:17 The perils of misinformation
Reporter: Marco Silva
Graphic design by: Sally Nicholls, Mesut Ersoz
Camera operators: Daniel Howard, Lucy McMahon, Agata Kazmierczak
Picture editor: Carel Nell
Research: Joshua Cheetham, Mark Poynting
Editor: Flora Carmichael
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