Banker's Algorithm for Deadlock Avoidance

The Banker's Algorithm is a deadlock avoidance method used in operating systems. It works by ensuring that the system always stays in a safe state before allocating resources to a process. Each process must declare the maximum number of resources it may need, and the system checks if it can still satisfy the remaining needs of all processes even after the allocation. If it can, the resources are granted; if not, the request is denied to prevent deadlock. This algorithm gets its name because it works like a banker deciding whether it's safe to give a loan based on the bank’s available funds and the customer's needs.